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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20221103T100000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20221103T110000
DTSTAMP:20260409T170034
CREATED:20220914T120203Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240813T101210Z
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SUMMARY:POSTPONED: Scott Robbins\, "What Machine's Shouldn't Do"
DESCRIPTION:From writing essays to evaluating potential hires\, machines are doing a lot these days. In all spheres of life\, it seems that machines are being delegated more and more decisions. Some of these machines are being delegated decisions that could have significant impact on human lives. Examples of such machines which have caused such impact are widespread and include machines evaluating loan applications\, machines evaluating criminals for sentencing\, autonomous weapon systems\, driverless cars\, digital assistants\, etc. Considering that machines cannot be held morally accountable for their actions (Bryson\, 2010; Johnson\, 2006; van Wynsberghe & Robbins\, 2018)\, the question that governments\, NGOs\, academics\, and the general public should be asking themselves is: how do we keep meaningful human control (MHC) over these machines? \nThe literature thus far details what features the machine or the context must have in order for MHC to be realized. Should humans be in the loop or on the loop? Should we force machines to be explainable? Lastly\, should we endow machines with moral reasoning capabilities? (Ekelhof\, 2019; Floridi et al.\, 2018; Robbins\, 2019a\, 2019b; Santoni de Sio & van den Hoven\, 2018; Wendall Wallach & Allen\, 2010; Wendell Wallach\, 2007). Rather than look to the machine itself or what part humans have to play in the context\, I argue here that we should shine the spotlight on the decisions that machines are being delegated. Meaningful human control\, then\, will be about controlling what decisions get made by machines. \nI argue that keeping meaningful human control over machines (especially AI which relies on opaque methods) means restricting machines to decisions that do not require a justifying explanation and can\, in principle\, be proven efficacious. Because contemporary methodologies in AI are opaque\, many machines cannot offer explanations for their outputs. In many cases\, decisions require justifying explanations\, and we should therefore not use machines for such cases. It won’t be surprising that machines should be efficacious if they are to be used – especially in contexts that will have impacts on human beings. Increasingly\, however\, machines are being delegated decisions for which we are unable\, in principle\, to evaluate their efficacy. This should not happen. \nThese arguments lead to the conclusion that machines should be restricted to descriptive outputs. It must always be a human being deciding how to employ evaluative terms as these terms not only refer to specific states of affairs but also say something about how the world ought to be. Machines which are able to make decisions based on opaque considerations should not be telling humans how the world ought to be. This is a breakdown of human control in the most severe way. Not only would we be losing control over specific decisions in specific contexts\, but we would be losing control over what descriptive content grounds evaluative classifications. \n  \nPhoto by Alex Knight on Unsplash \nThis talk will take place in person at SCIoI. \n 
URL:https://www.scienceofintelligence.de/event/thursday-morning-talk-scott-robbins/
CATEGORIES:Thursday Morning Talk
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20221110T100000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20221110T110000
DTSTAMP:20260409T170034
CREATED:20220926T105840Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240813T101157Z
UID:13108-1668074400-1668078000@www.scienceofintelligence.de
SUMMARY:Jan De Bruyne (Leiden University)\, "Liability for Damage Involving AI – Some Regulatory Challenges and Priorities"
DESCRIPTION:More details to follow. \nPhoto by DeepMind on Unsplash \nThis talk will take place in person at SCIoI. \n 
URL:https://www.scienceofintelligence.de/event/thursday-morning-talk-jan-de-bruyne/
CATEGORIES:Thursday Morning Talk
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20221117T100000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20221117T110000
DTSTAMP:20260409T170034
CREATED:20220914T120516Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20250603T130205Z
UID:13043-1668679200-1668682800@www.scienceofintelligence.de
SUMMARY:Heiner Spiess (Science of Intelligence)\, “Tools To Study the Generality of Deep Neural Network Representations”
DESCRIPTION:Abstract: \nAs many of us know by now\, Deep Learning has enabled tackling very challenging problems and applications that were previously almost impossible to solve with machine learning. However\, for most of the tasks we want to solve with Deep Learning\, we need large\, if not huge\, amounts of data and computing power. This is very limiting for many applications for which we do not have the necessary amounts of data or for practitioners who do not have access to enough computation power to train well-performing Deep Networks for their desired tasks.We hope to overcome these two limitations by leveraging the generality of already trained models through Transfer Learning or combining the information from multiple\, perhaps relatively small\, datasets with Multi-Task-Learning.In this project\, we are investigating the generality of representations learned by Deep Networks. Today I would like to introduce one of the families of tools we use in this effort: Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA).I will present the methodology behind these tools and provide some insights into Deep Networks gained through their use. However\, I would highlight some concerns to be aware of when using these tools and present some challenges that arise in practice. Considering these concerns\, I will present a variant of these tools that solves some of the existing problems.Furthermore\, I will shortly present a tool that we have developed to synthesize realistic image data\, allowing us to systematically analyse which properties of the data are represented in Deep Networks.Finally\, I want to mention our SCIoI cooperation with project 01 on “Scanpath Prediction in Dynamic Scenes using an end-to-end Deep Learning approach”. \nPhoto by Nina Ž. on Unsplash \nThis talk will take place in person at SCIoI. \n 
URL:https://www.scienceofintelligence.de/event/thursday-morning-talk-heiner-spiess/
CATEGORIES:Thursday Morning Talk
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DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20221124T100000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20221124T110000
DTSTAMP:20260409T170034
CREATED:20220914T120810Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240813T101121Z
UID:13046-1669284000-1669287600@www.scienceofintelligence.de
SUMMARY:What are futures made of? Collactive Materials\, a joint SCIoI/MoA project
DESCRIPTION:Abstract:\nThe BUA-funded experimental knowledge transfer project CollActive Materials\, a collaboration between the Clusters of Excellence Science of Intelligence and Matters of Activity\, encourages speculation on what the future has in store. \nWhich intelligent materials will pave our tomorrows? How can substances and materials change our world in an intelligent way? What will the world look like in the coming decades\, and how can we turn our speculations into something tangible?  Finally\, what kinds of relationships could we create with intelligent materials? \nIn this Thursday Morning Talk the audience will learn more about the CollActive Materials project and all the exciting interactions between the two clusters\, and most importantly\, they will get a chance to dive into the project themselves by taking part in a mini speculative design exercise. \nSPEAKERS:  \nLéa Perraudin is a media theorist and speculative material scholar and works as postdoctoral research associate at the Cluster of Excellence »Matters of Activity. Image Space Material«. Léa currently works on a habilitation project\, bringing forth a media theory of phase transitions by investigating the ties of material and metaphor in contemporary technocapitalist media environments through transience\, dispersal\, abundance and solidification.\nFurthermore\, Léa is the co-leader of the experimental laboratory »CollActive Materials«\, a joint project of the Clusters of Excellence »Matters of Activity« and »Science of Intelligence«\, that intends to gather multiple publics to jointly tackle possible material futures through the method of speculative design. \nMartin Müller researches at the intersection of cultural history and theory\, media studies\, history of knowledge and science\, and design theory. He is a postdoctoral research associate at the Cluster of Excellence »Matters of Activity. Image Space Material« – in the projects »Symbolic Material« and »Material Form Function«. Since 2015 he has been teaching at the Department of Cultural History and Theory at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Martin is the co-leader of the experimental laboratory for knowledge exchange and speculative design »CollActive Materials«. Recently published: »The Will to Engineer. Synthetic Biology and the Escalation of Zoëpolitics«\, in: P. Ribault (Ed.): Design\, Gestaltung\, Formatività\, 2022 \nThis talk will take place in person at SCIoI. \n 
URL:https://www.scienceofintelligence.de/event/thursday-morning-talk-matters-of-activity-moa/
CATEGORIES:Thursday Morning Talk
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BEGIN:VEVENT
DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20221124T113000
DTEND;TZID=Europe/Berlin:20221124T130000
DTSTAMP:20260409T170034
CREATED:20221117T101332Z
LAST-MODIFIED:20240813T101103Z
UID:13344-1669289400-1669294800@www.scienceofintelligence.de
SUMMARY:Thursday morning talk: Nicolas Mandel\, "Kangaroos & Quadcopters"
DESCRIPTION:Abstract: \nThe contents of this presentation will be twofold. In the first part the Centre for Robotics of the Queensland University of Technology (QUT) and its research directions and facilities will be introduced. The research on semantics for the benefit of UAVs\, specifically quadcopters\, will be highlighted. The second part will contain the personal experiences of the presenter of undertaking a PhD in Australia\, highlighting differences\, challenges and lessons learnt along the way.Disclaimer: The views and opinions in this talk are the presenters and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of any of the employers or affiliates.\nThis talk will take place in person at SCIoI. \n  \nPhoto by Indy Bruhin on Unsplash \n 
URL:https://www.scienceofintelligence.de/event/thursday-morning-talk-nicolas-mandel-kangaroos-quadcopters/
CATEGORIES:Thursday Morning Talk
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